Its hard to say with certainty , without looking at your gun .
But I would say that its either a trigger problem or a lock problem .
Ill address the trigger first .
What you will have is a double single pined trigger with a trigger plate. With SXS the sear bars end up very close together when installed into the stock . Tighter if over time you have over tightened the lock bolt , thus squeezing the locks even closer together
As such if one trigger begins to have slop or side play you can end up with that trigger firing both locks .
OR if the triggers have dry lube in them , they may have actually stuck together hard enough that when you pulled one , it drug the other along with it .
But frankly I have not seen that happen to often as the trigger plate keeps them for the most part separated.
To check this , take the lock on the barrel you intended to fire out . Look inside the sear hole of the stock and see if when you pull the trigger back if it contacts the off hand sear in any way or if the off hand trigger moves . . If it doesn’t then the trigger was your problem or at least part of the problem .
Next is the lock . CVA was well known for weak main springs and soft lock parts .
So pull the lock that you did NOT intend to fire off . Take a look at the tumbler and sear. When you come to full cock does the sear set solid to the full cock notch . If it just catches it , then there is a good possibility that the recoil set the lock off .
If it does set solid and fully , then I would look to the full cock notch angle . If its worn to the point its near 90 deg then if your sear spring has become weak then the sear can slip the notch under recoil .
Next is the main spring and sear spring .
The main spring MUST be strong enough not only to set off the cap , but also strong enough to keep enough tension on the tumbler so that under recoil , the tumbler isn’t moved by the forces of recoil on the hammer . If it isn’t strong enough and your sear spring has become weak , then the lock can also trip because the sear isn’t kept in the full cock notch by the sear spring . IE under recoil the sear jumps the tumbler and the lock fires
Now with all that being said here is my guess as to what may have happened .
The sear on the off hand lock for what ever reason was not fully engaged in the full cock .