11/16/1845: Republic of Texas signs its last Indian treaty

[Craig Tx]

On this day in 1845, the Republic of Texas concluded its last Indian treaty.

The agreement marked the end of the Tehuacana Creek Councils, which began in the spring of 1843, when Jesse Chisholm helped convince a number of Indian groups, including the Caddos, Tawakonis, Delawares, Lipan Apaches, and Tonkawas, to meet on Tehuacana Creek near the Torrey Brothers trading post south of present Waco. A second council met at Fort Bird on the Trinity River in the fall of 1843. These councils resulted in a peace treaty between the Republic and the Wacos, Caddos, and other smaller groups, but the absence of the Comanches caused President Sam Houston to call another council to meet at Tehuacana Creek in April 1844. The April council convened without the Comanches, but by October 9, 1844, Houston had negotiated a treaty with a part of the southern Comanches, Kichais, Wacos, Caddos, Anadarkos, Hainais, Delawares, Shawnees, Cherokees, Lipan Apaches, and Tawakonis. At the November 1845 council the Wacos, Tawakonis, Kichais, and Wichitas agreed to the treaty of October 9, 1844.

[BEAVERMAN]

I have forgot that the some of the eastern tribes were marched west, Shawnee & Cherokee are names that I have never associated with Texas tribes!

[Craig Tx]

The Cherokee had a sizable population in NE Texas.  Say from Nacogdoches, north to the Red River.  At this time I doubt if there were many left in Texas.  The second president of the Republic Mirabeau Lamar was very anti-native American and antagonized the Cherokee in to fighting, which was mercilessly put down.  Most fled north of the Red River into Indian Territory.

Sam Houston spent many years with the Cherokee before coming to Texas.

[Doc Nock]

In the trivial nature it's offered and FWIW department, I had a Storm Door Installed by a Contract hire person from Lowes a few Springs ago...he was an Okie Cherokee and we have a Cherokee Nat'l Forest just to my South here around Greeneville, TN.

He told me in passing that Even though he's a full blooded Cherokee, he's denied any medical or other treatment in the E. Cherokee Tribal Facilities cause he's not of THEIR tribe, That sounds about what we whites do to others

[Winter Hawk]

They learned a lot from the whites didn't they!

~Kees~

[Doc Nock]

They learned a lot from the white's didn't they!

~Kees~

Might be a Govt thing, but ya, they learned from the whites... I read somewhere that whites taught natives to scalp, too

[Ohio Joe]

No Nation has ever been built and/or expanded - by not taking another Nation's land from them...

Even before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock, the Indian Nations were taking from other Indian Nations. That's a hard fact of life many choose to ignore. But it is a fact.

[Nessmuk]

Your hardest, most painful and most important  lessons are always taught by your enemies.