Here is an 18th century English reference to shot cartridges. I have yet to find an 18th century reference to shooting patched round balls from a smooth gun though.
"We have often intended to try the effect of making up the charges of fhot in flight cartridges, and firing"
from:
A N E S S AY O N SHOOTING.
CONTAINING:
The various Methods of forging, boring, and drefling Gun Barrels,
practifed in France, Spain, and England,
and the different Proofs of Barrels employed in thofe Countries ;
with Remarks. —
An Inveftigation of the Caufes of Recoil, and of Burfting, with Propofals for preventing or remedying them. — An Inquiry into the Effects of the Length, Bore, and Charge, upon the Range, &c. of the Piece. — •
And Remarks upon the Articles of Powder, Shot, Wadding, &c. &c.
ALSO Infractions for attaining the Art of Shooting.
— The Methods of training Pointers.
— And a fliort Defcription of the Game of this Country, as connected with the Amufement of Shooting.
The whole interfperfed with fummary Obfervations on the various Subjects of the Sport.
DUBLIN: PRINTED BY ZACHARIAH JACKSON, Ton CRUEBER, AND M'ALLIST ER, No. 59, DA ME-STREET. M.OCC.I.XXXIX. PREFACE. X H E